| 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2020 | Change | |
| 1,576 | 1,721 | 1,885 | 2,197 | 2,202 | 2,142 | +36% | Total population |
| 128 | 154 | 138 | 132 | 127 | 108 | −16% | 0-4 |
| 366 | 347 | 325 | 378 | 299 | 274 | −25% | 5-14 |
| 225 | 268 | 286 | 246 | 263 | 220 | −2% | 15-24 |
| 174 | 258 | 285 | 304 | 218 | 209 | +20% | 25-34 |
| 196 | 196 | 283 | 364 | 326 | 227 | +16% | 35-44 |
| 208 | 162 | 211 | 317 | 345 | 316 | +52% | 45-54 |
| 153 | 193 | 169 | 226 | 307 | 340 | +122% | 55-64 |
| 107 | 113 | 114 | 157 | 182 | 276 | +158% | 65-74 |
| 19 | 30 | 74 | 73 | 135 | 165 | +768% | 75-99 |
| 422 | 531 | 736 | 936 | 936 | 778 | +84% | Employed |
| 50 | 67 | 61 | 127 | 78 | 104 | +108% | Self employed |
| 43 | 53 | 96 | 94 | 166 | 114 | +165% | Unemployed |
| 464 | 594 | 543 | 614 | 747 | 736 | +59% | Not in labor force |
| 89 | 300 | 385 | +333% | Not in labor force, age 65+ | |||
| 36 | 34 | 57 | 110 | 218 | 213 | +492% | College educated |
| 29.3 | 28.6 | 31.3 | 36.0 | 41.0 | 46.6 | +17.3 | Median Age |
| $2,192 | $4,275 | $9,243 | $15,322 | $19,759 | $31,051 | Per capita income | |
| $14,960 | $14,175 | $18,716 | $23,416 | $22,488 | $28,491 | +90% | Per capita inc., CPI-U adj. |
| $7,420 | $12,623 | $24,932 | $35,844 | $49,556 | $44,706 | Median household income | |
| $50,639 | $41,856 | $50,485 | $54,779 | $56,400 | $41,021 | −19% | Median house. inc., CPI-U adj. |
| 16.4% | 16.9% | 14.6% | 12.0% | 15.9% | 13.6% | −2.8 | Percent poverty |
| 1,020 | 1,059 | 1,124 | Housing total |
Density is 36.1 persons per square mile.
Land area is 59.3 square miles (37,968 acres).
Water area is 1.4 square miles (876 acres).
The reported full market value of 1,785 parcels was $216,024,076 (unadjusted).
The ORPTS reported area of all 1,785 parcels was 38,438 acres.
| Parcels | Acres | % | Full Value | % | Property Class Description | PC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 115 | 7,473 | 19% | $2,641,850 | 1% | Residential Vacant Land Over 10 Acres | 322 |
| 19 | 4,970 | 13% | $3,391,580 | 2% | Dairy Products: milk, butter and cheese | 112 |
| 78 | 4,600 | 12% | $9,678,522 | 4% | Rural Residence with Acreage | 240 |
| 653 | 3,228 | 8% | $73,256,686 | 34% | One Family Year-Round Residence | 210 |
| 106 | 2,516 | 7% | $25,042,394 | 12% | Mining and Quarrying | 720 |
| 95 | 2,320 | 6% | $3,594,270 | 2% | Residential Land Including a Small Improvement | 312 |
| 16 | 2,279 | 6% | $620,000 | 0% | Private Wild and Forest Lands except for Private Hunting and fishing clubs | 910 |
| 17 | 1,659 | 4% | $345,263 | 0% | Agricultural Vacant Land (Productive) | 105 |
| 161 | 1,392 | 4% | $20,961,743 | 10% | Seasonal Residences | 260 |
| 18 | 1,099 | 3% | $349,472 | 0% | Other Rural Vacant Lands | 323 |
| 14 | 1,028 | 3% | $264,209 | 0% | Abandoned Agricultural Land | 321 |
| 6 | 1,010 | 3% | $305,264 | 0% | Private Hunting and Fishing Clubs | 920 |
| 4 | 932 | 2% | $539,474 | 0% | Cattle, Calves, Hogs | 113 |
| 129 | 841 | 2% | $8,519,947 | 4% | Mobile Home | 270 |
| 194 | 647 | 2% | $2,164,619 | 1% | Rural Vacant Lots of 10 Acres or Less | 314 |
| 4 | 489 | 1% | $152,631 | 0% | Field Crops | 120 |
| 11 | 447 | 1% | $4,635,010 | 2% | Residential, Multi-Purpose/Multi-Structure | 280 |
| 45 | 212 | 1% | $690,644 | 0% | Residential Vacant Land | 311 |
| 1 | 151 | 0% | $142,105 | 0% | Horse Farms | 117 |
| 1 | 147 | 0% | $68,421 | 0% | Vacant Land Located in Commercial Areas | 330 |
| 2 | 116 | 0% | $54,737 | 0% | Livestock and Products | 110 |
| 6 | 108 | 0% | $773,685 | 0% | Multiple Mobile Homes | 271 |
| 2 | 101 | 0% | $84,694 | 0% | State Owned Reforested Land Taxable Under RPT § 534 and RPT § 536 | 941 |
| 4 | 80 | 0% | $6,859,841 | 3% | Ceiling Railroad | 842 |
| 1 | 73 | 0% | $454,737 | 0% | Lumber Yards, Sawmills | 444 |
| 5 | 70 | 0% | $43,168 | 0% | Rural | 320 |
| 1 | 68 | 0% | $342,105 | 0% | Private Golf Country Clubs | 553 |
| 1 | 65 | 0% | $200,000 | 0% | Sheep and Wool | 114 |
| 4 | 54 | 0% | $652,643 | 0% | Other Storage, Warehouse and Distribution Facilities | 449 |
| 1 | 44 | 0% | $5,831,579 | 3% | Schools | 612 |
| 2 | 30 | 0% | $2,254,843 | 1% | Manufacturing and Processing | 710 |
| 6 | 29 | 0% | $15,900,707 | 7% | Electric Power Generation Facility, Hydro | 874 |
| 1 | 22 | 0% | $31,579 | 0% | Commercial Vacant Land with Minor Improvements | 331 |
| 7 | 22 | 0% | $896,842 | 0% | Apartments | 411 |
| 1 | 19 | 0% | $10,526 | 0% | Landfills and Dumps | 852 |
| 1 | 16 | 0% | $210,526 | 0% | Auto Dealers, Sales and Service | 431 |
| 6 | 13 | 0% | $8,949 | 0% | Cemeteries | 695 |
| 1 | 13 | 0% | $21,053 | 0% | Athletic Fields | 592 |
| 1 | 12 | 0% | $10,526 | 0% | Public Utility Vacant Land | 380 |
| 2 | 7 | 0% | $184,210 | 0% | Office Building | 652 |
| 4 | 5 | 0% | $3,050,210 | 1% | Electric SubStation | 872 |
| 3 | 4 | 0% | $1,900,000 | 1% | Highway Garage | 651 |
| 1 | 4 | 0% | $52,632 | 0% | Racetracks | 522 |
| 1 | 3 | 0% | $105,263 | 0% | Service and Gas Stations | 432 |
| 1 | 3 | 0% | $2,631,579 | 1% | Homes for the Aged | 633 |
| 2 | 3 | 0% | $994,736 | 0% | Cellular Telephone Towers | 837 |
| 2 | 2 | 0% | $294,737 | 0% | Two Family Year-Round Residence | 220 |
| 1 | 2 | 0% | $126,316 | 0% | Television other than Community Antenna Television | 834 |
| 3 | 1 | 0% | $61,054 | 0% | Recreational Facilities | 682 |
| 1 | 1 | 0% | $178,947 | 0% | Fuel Storage and Distribution Facilities | 441 |
| 1 | 1 | 0% | $347,368 | 0% | Large Retail Food Stores | 454 |
| 1 | 1 | 0% | $1,184,211 | 1% | Telephone | 831 |
| 1 | 1 | 0% | $473,684 | 0% | Multiple Residences | 281 |
| 1 | 1 | 0% | $244,211 | 0% | Dealerships, Sales and Service (other than auto with large sales operation) | 455 |
| 1 | 1 | 0% | $5,263 | 0% | Vacant Land Located in Industrial Areas | 340 |
| 1 | 1 | 0% | $131,579 | 0% | Motor Vehicle Services | 430 |
| 1 | 1 | 0% | $105,263 | 0% | One Family Year-Round Residence with Accessory Apartment | 215 |
| 2 | 1 | 0% | $63,158 | 0% | Storage, Warehouse and Distribution Facilities | 440 |
| 3 | 0 | 0% | $231,579 | 0% | Religious | 620 |
| 1 | 0 | 0% | $52,632 | 0% | Commercial | 400 |
| 1 | 0 | 0% | $12,632 | 0% | Community Antenna Television | 835 |
| 1 | 0 | 0% | $517,968 | 0% | Telephone Outside Plant | 836 |
| 2 | 0 | 0% | $3,961,821 | 2% | Electric and Gas | 861 |
| 1 | 0 | 0% | $984,663 | 0% | Telephone | 866 |
| 1 | 0 | 0% | $37,232 | 0% | Television | 869 |
| 3 | 0 | 0% | $2,021,010 | 1% | Electric Transmission Improvement | 882 |
| 1 | 0 | 0% | $4,063,274 | 2% | Electric Distribution, Outside Plant Property | 884 |
| 1 | 0 | 0% | $0 | 0% | Transition Assessments for Taxable State Owned Land RPT § 545 | 993 |
| 1,785 | 38,438 | 100% | $216,024,076 | 100% | Total of Property Classes ordered by total acreage (descending) | 68 |
| Parcels | Acres | % | Full Value | % | Property Class Description | PC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 653 | 3,228 | 8% | $73,256,686 | 34% | One Family Year-Round Residence | 210 |
| 106 | 2,516 | 7% | $25,042,394 | 12% | Mining and Quarrying | 720 |
| 161 | 1,392 | 4% | $20,961,743 | 10% | Seasonal Residences | 260 |
| 6 | 29 | 0% | $15,900,707 | 7% | Electric Power Generation Facility, Hydro | 874 |
| 78 | 4,600 | 12% | $9,678,522 | 4% | Rural Residence with Acreage | 240 |
| 129 | 841 | 2% | $8,519,947 | 4% | Mobile Home | 270 |
| 4 | 80 | 0% | $6,859,841 | 3% | Ceiling Railroad | 842 |
| 1 | 44 | 0% | $5,831,579 | 3% | Schools | 612 |
| 11 | 447 | 1% | $4,635,010 | 2% | Residential, Multi-Purpose/Multi-Structure | 280 |
| 1 | 0 | 0% | $4,063,274 | 2% | Electric Distribution, Outside Plant Property | 884 |
| 2 | 0 | 0% | $3,961,821 | 2% | Electric and Gas | 861 |
| 95 | 2,320 | 6% | $3,594,270 | 2% | Residential Land Including a Small Improvement | 312 |
| 19 | 4,970 | 13% | $3,391,580 | 2% | Dairy Products: milk, butter and cheese | 112 |
| 4 | 5 | 0% | $3,050,210 | 1% | Electric SubStation | 872 |
| 115 | 7,473 | 19% | $2,641,850 | 1% | Residential Vacant Land Over 10 Acres | 322 |
| 1 | 3 | 0% | $2,631,579 | 1% | Homes for the Aged | 633 |
| 2 | 30 | 0% | $2,254,843 | 1% | Manufacturing and Processing | 710 |
| 194 | 647 | 2% | $2,164,619 | 1% | Rural Vacant Lots of 10 Acres or Less | 314 |
| 3 | 0 | 0% | $2,021,010 | 1% | Electric Transmission Improvement | 882 |
| 3 | 4 | 0% | $1,900,000 | 1% | Highway Garage | 651 |
| 1 | 1 | 0% | $1,184,211 | 1% | Telephone | 831 |
| 2 | 3 | 0% | $994,736 | 0% | Cellular Telephone Towers | 837 |
| 1 | 0 | 0% | $984,663 | 0% | Telephone | 866 |
| 7 | 22 | 0% | $896,842 | 0% | Apartments | 411 |
| 6 | 108 | 0% | $773,685 | 0% | Multiple Mobile Homes | 271 |
| 45 | 212 | 1% | $690,644 | 0% | Residential Vacant Land | 311 |
| 4 | 54 | 0% | $652,643 | 0% | Other Storage, Warehouse and Distribution Facilities | 449 |
| 16 | 2,279 | 6% | $620,000 | 0% | Private Wild and Forest Lands except for Private Hunting and fishing clubs | 910 |
| 4 | 932 | 2% | $539,474 | 0% | Cattle, Calves, Hogs | 113 |
| 1 | 0 | 0% | $517,968 | 0% | Telephone Outside Plant | 836 |
| 1 | 1 | 0% | $473,684 | 0% | Multiple Residences | 281 |
| 1 | 73 | 0% | $454,737 | 0% | Lumber Yards, Sawmills | 444 |
| 18 | 1,099 | 3% | $349,472 | 0% | Other Rural Vacant Lands | 323 |
| 1 | 1 | 0% | $347,368 | 0% | Large Retail Food Stores | 454 |
| 17 | 1,659 | 4% | $345,263 | 0% | Agricultural Vacant Land (Productive) | 105 |
| 1 | 68 | 0% | $342,105 | 0% | Private Golf Country Clubs | 553 |
| 6 | 1,010 | 3% | $305,264 | 0% | Private Hunting and Fishing Clubs | 920 |
| 2 | 2 | 0% | $294,737 | 0% | Two Family Year-Round Residence | 220 |
| 14 | 1,028 | 3% | $264,209 | 0% | Abandoned Agricultural Land | 321 |
| 1 | 1 | 0% | $244,211 | 0% | Dealerships, Sales and Service (other than auto with large sales operation) | 455 |
| 3 | 0 | 0% | $231,579 | 0% | Religious | 620 |
| 1 | 16 | 0% | $210,526 | 0% | Auto Dealers, Sales and Service | 431 |
| 1 | 65 | 0% | $200,000 | 0% | Sheep and Wool | 114 |
| 2 | 7 | 0% | $184,210 | 0% | Office Building | 652 |
| 1 | 1 | 0% | $178,947 | 0% | Fuel Storage and Distribution Facilities | 441 |
| 4 | 489 | 1% | $152,631 | 0% | Field Crops | 120 |
| 1 | 151 | 0% | $142,105 | 0% | Horse Farms | 117 |
| 1 | 1 | 0% | $131,579 | 0% | Motor Vehicle Services | 430 |
| 1 | 2 | 0% | $126,316 | 0% | Television other than Community Antenna Television | 834 |
| 1 | 1 | 0% | $105,263 | 0% | One Family Year-Round Residence with Accessory Apartment | 215 |
| 1 | 3 | 0% | $105,263 | 0% | Service and Gas Stations | 432 |
| 2 | 101 | 0% | $84,694 | 0% | State Owned Reforested Land Taxable Under RPT § 534 and RPT § 536 | 941 |
| 1 | 147 | 0% | $68,421 | 0% | Vacant Land Located in Commercial Areas | 330 |
| 2 | 1 | 0% | $63,158 | 0% | Storage, Warehouse and Distribution Facilities | 440 |
| 3 | 1 | 0% | $61,054 | 0% | Recreational Facilities | 682 |
| 2 | 116 | 0% | $54,737 | 0% | Livestock and Products | 110 |
| 1 | 0 | 0% | $52,632 | 0% | Commercial | 400 |
| 1 | 4 | 0% | $52,632 | 0% | Racetracks | 522 |
| 5 | 70 | 0% | $43,168 | 0% | Rural | 320 |
| 1 | 0 | 0% | $37,232 | 0% | Television | 869 |
| 1 | 22 | 0% | $31,579 | 0% | Commercial Vacant Land with Minor Improvements | 331 |
| 1 | 13 | 0% | $21,053 | 0% | Athletic Fields | 592 |
| 1 | 0 | 0% | $12,632 | 0% | Community Antenna Television | 835 |
| 1 | 12 | 0% | $10,526 | 0% | Public Utility Vacant Land | 380 |
| 1 | 19 | 0% | $10,526 | 0% | Landfills and Dumps | 852 |
| 6 | 13 | 0% | $8,949 | 0% | Cemeteries | 695 |
| 1 | 1 | 0% | $5,263 | 0% | Vacant Land Located in Industrial Areas | 340 |
| 1 | 0 | 0% | $0 | 0% | Transition Assessments for Taxable State Owned Land RPT § 545 | 993 |
| 1,785 | 38,438 | 100% | $216,024,076 | 100% | Total of Property Classes ordered by total full market value (descending) | 68 |
| Parcels | Acres | % | Full Value | % | Property Class Description | PC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 17 | 1,659 | 4% | $345,263 | 0% | Agricultural Vacant Land (Productive) | 105 |
| 2 | 116 | 0% | $54,737 | 0% | Livestock and Products | 110 |
| 19 | 4,970 | 13% | $3,391,580 | 2% | Dairy Products: milk, butter and cheese | 112 |
| 4 | 932 | 2% | $539,474 | 0% | Cattle, Calves, Hogs | 113 |
| 1 | 65 | 0% | $200,000 | 0% | Sheep and Wool | 114 |
| 1 | 151 | 0% | $142,105 | 0% | Horse Farms | 117 |
| 4 | 489 | 1% | $152,631 | 0% | Field Crops | 120 |
| 653 | 3,228 | 8% | $73,256,686 | 34% | One Family Year-Round Residence | 210 |
| 1 | 1 | 0% | $105,263 | 0% | One Family Year-Round Residence with Accessory Apartment | 215 |
| 2 | 2 | 0% | $294,737 | 0% | Two Family Year-Round Residence | 220 |
| 78 | 4,600 | 12% | $9,678,522 | 4% | Rural Residence with Acreage | 240 |
| 161 | 1,392 | 4% | $20,961,743 | 10% | Seasonal Residences | 260 |
| 129 | 841 | 2% | $8,519,947 | 4% | Mobile Home | 270 |
| 6 | 108 | 0% | $773,685 | 0% | Multiple Mobile Homes | 271 |
| 11 | 447 | 1% | $4,635,010 | 2% | Residential, Multi-Purpose/Multi-Structure | 280 |
| 1 | 1 | 0% | $473,684 | 0% | Multiple Residences | 281 |
| 45 | 212 | 1% | $690,644 | 0% | Residential Vacant Land | 311 |
| 95 | 2,320 | 6% | $3,594,270 | 2% | Residential Land Including a Small Improvement | 312 |
| 194 | 647 | 2% | $2,164,619 | 1% | Rural Vacant Lots of 10 Acres or Less | 314 |
| 5 | 70 | 0% | $43,168 | 0% | Rural | 320 |
| 14 | 1,028 | 3% | $264,209 | 0% | Abandoned Agricultural Land | 321 |
| 115 | 7,473 | 19% | $2,641,850 | 1% | Residential Vacant Land Over 10 Acres | 322 |
| 18 | 1,099 | 3% | $349,472 | 0% | Other Rural Vacant Lands | 323 |
| 1 | 147 | 0% | $68,421 | 0% | Vacant Land Located in Commercial Areas | 330 |
| 1 | 22 | 0% | $31,579 | 0% | Commercial Vacant Land with Minor Improvements | 331 |
| 1 | 1 | 0% | $5,263 | 0% | Vacant Land Located in Industrial Areas | 340 |
| 1 | 12 | 0% | $10,526 | 0% | Public Utility Vacant Land | 380 |
| 1 | 0 | 0% | $52,632 | 0% | Commercial | 400 |
| 7 | 22 | 0% | $896,842 | 0% | Apartments | 411 |
| 1 | 1 | 0% | $131,579 | 0% | Motor Vehicle Services | 430 |
| 1 | 16 | 0% | $210,526 | 0% | Auto Dealers, Sales and Service | 431 |
| 1 | 3 | 0% | $105,263 | 0% | Service and Gas Stations | 432 |
| 2 | 1 | 0% | $63,158 | 0% | Storage, Warehouse and Distribution Facilities | 440 |
| 1 | 1 | 0% | $178,947 | 0% | Fuel Storage and Distribution Facilities | 441 |
| 1 | 73 | 0% | $454,737 | 0% | Lumber Yards, Sawmills | 444 |
| 4 | 54 | 0% | $652,643 | 0% | Other Storage, Warehouse and Distribution Facilities | 449 |
| 1 | 1 | 0% | $347,368 | 0% | Large Retail Food Stores | 454 |
| 1 | 1 | 0% | $244,211 | 0% | Dealerships, Sales and Service (other than auto with large sales operation) | 455 |
| 1 | 4 | 0% | $52,632 | 0% | Racetracks | 522 |
| 1 | 68 | 0% | $342,105 | 0% | Private Golf Country Clubs | 553 |
| 1 | 13 | 0% | $21,053 | 0% | Athletic Fields | 592 |
| 1 | 44 | 0% | $5,831,579 | 3% | Schools | 612 |
| 3 | 0 | 0% | $231,579 | 0% | Religious | 620 |
| 1 | 3 | 0% | $2,631,579 | 1% | Homes for the Aged | 633 |
| 3 | 4 | 0% | $1,900,000 | 1% | Highway Garage | 651 |
| 2 | 7 | 0% | $184,210 | 0% | Office Building | 652 |
| 3 | 1 | 0% | $61,054 | 0% | Recreational Facilities | 682 |
| 6 | 13 | 0% | $8,949 | 0% | Cemeteries | 695 |
| 2 | 30 | 0% | $2,254,843 | 1% | Manufacturing and Processing | 710 |
| 106 | 2,516 | 7% | $25,042,394 | 12% | Mining and Quarrying | 720 |
| 1 | 1 | 0% | $1,184,211 | 1% | Telephone | 831 |
| 1 | 2 | 0% | $126,316 | 0% | Television other than Community Antenna Television | 834 |
| 1 | 0 | 0% | $12,632 | 0% | Community Antenna Television | 835 |
| 1 | 0 | 0% | $517,968 | 0% | Telephone Outside Plant | 836 |
| 2 | 3 | 0% | $994,736 | 0% | Cellular Telephone Towers | 837 |
| 4 | 80 | 0% | $6,859,841 | 3% | Ceiling Railroad | 842 |
| 1 | 19 | 0% | $10,526 | 0% | Landfills and Dumps | 852 |
| 2 | 0 | 0% | $3,961,821 | 2% | Electric and Gas | 861 |
| 1 | 0 | 0% | $984,663 | 0% | Telephone | 866 |
| 1 | 0 | 0% | $37,232 | 0% | Television | 869 |
| 4 | 5 | 0% | $3,050,210 | 1% | Electric SubStation | 872 |
| 6 | 29 | 0% | $15,900,707 | 7% | Electric Power Generation Facility, Hydro | 874 |
| 3 | 0 | 0% | $2,021,010 | 1% | Electric Transmission Improvement | 882 |
| 1 | 0 | 0% | $4,063,274 | 2% | Electric Distribution, Outside Plant Property | 884 |
| 16 | 2,279 | 6% | $620,000 | 0% | Private Wild and Forest Lands except for Private Hunting and fishing clubs | 910 |
| 6 | 1,010 | 3% | $305,264 | 0% | Private Hunting and Fishing Clubs | 920 |
| 2 | 101 | 0% | $84,694 | 0% | State Owned Reforested Land Taxable Under RPT § 534 and RPT § 536 | 941 |
| 1 | 0 | 0% | $0 | 0% | Transition Assessments for Taxable State Owned Land RPT § 545 | 993 |
| 1,785 | 38,438 | 100% | $216,024,076 | 100% | Total of Property Classes ordered by Property Class | 68 |
To allow meaningful comparison of dollar figures over time, U.S. Census CPI-adjusted dollar figures have been adjusted for inflation using the U.S. Bureuau of Labor Statistics CPI-U Consumer Price Index and expressed in 2020 dollars.
Some dollar figures provided by the U.S. Census are truncated to the top or bottom of the U.S. Census scale. For example, the 5-year ACS (2018–2022) median household income maximum is $250,000. This maximum was reached in Scarsdale, New York.
All demography data are from the U.S. Census
Starting in year 2000, the economic data are from the U.S. Census American Community Survey sampled 5-year average. For example, the 2010 data are from the American Community Survey 2008–2012 5-year average.
Due to the unusually high prison population in Adirondack Park towns relative to the rest of the country, the population figures for selected Adirondack Park towns have been reduced by prison population. This adjustment is to remove any distortion in demographic trends that are simply due to prison population. Starting in year 2020 federal prison population are counted as residents of their last address before prison and, thus, did not contribute to any adjustment.
Internal name: Protect\Census\Analyze\MakeHTM
Revision: December 24, 2023 at 14:49
Page produced on: September 9, 2024 at 23:05
Copyright © James McMartin Long